Fiji was officially granted independence on 10 October, 1970, after 96 years of British colonial rule. On the same day in 1874, the Deed of Cession was signed by King Seru Epenisa Cakobau to commence British rule in Fiji. Both the Cession of control and independence are celebrated among Fijians. Thus October 10 is a significant date in the country’s history that is commemorated every year with a week of festivities and celebrations. Almost every town and city in the archipelago organizes its own events in honor of the occasion, which include military parades, speeches, performances, and street parties.
The Process of Fijian Independence: A Story of Negotiation and Compromise
A constitutional conference was held in London in July 1965, to discuss constitutional changes with a view to introduce responsible government. Indo-Fijians, led by A. D. Patel, demanded the immediate introduction of full self-government, with a fully elected legislature, to be elected by universal suffrage on a common voters' roll. These demands were vigorously rejected by the ethnic Fijian delegation, who still feared loss of control over natively owned land and resources should an Indo-Fijian dominated government come to power. The British made it clear, however, that they were determined to bring Fiji to self-government and eventual independence. Realizing that they had no choice, Fiji's chiefs decided to negotiate for the best deal they could get.
Prince Charles (left) formally cedes control of Fiji to Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara on October 10, 1970
The following five years saw compromises from both the Indo-Fijian and ethnic representatives which involved the forming of a cabinet system of government in 1967, with Ratu Kamisese Mara as the first Chief Minister.
Now that Britain deemed Fiji capable of self-government, Prince Charles who represented the Queen, handed over the instruments of Independence to the Chief Minister Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara. “The second unique event in our history was the attainment of our independence. Unique in the sense that there was no demand, no struggle, no bloodshed – but through dialogue and consensus as demonstrated by the mood in which we celebrated our independence” he said.
As the Union Jack was lowered for the last time in the presence of Prince Charles, and the military band beat the retreat and played the Last Post, Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara continued “Ladies and gentlemen, let us salute the Union Jack. The symbol that has governed this country for the last 96 years is coming down for the very last time. We are going to be masters of our destiny. We have come of age. Let us say farewell and ni sa moce to Her Majesty the Queen and to the Union Jack.”
The Fijian Flag is hoisted in place of the Union Jack for the first time
2020 Celebrations
(Chand, A., Fijitimes, 24 July 2020) Government has allocated $250,000 towards Fiji’s 50th Independence Day celebrations. Though no plans have been revealed for the celebrations, it is expected they will be held on October 10.
While opening the 2019/2020 session of Parliament in November last year, President Jioji Konrote had said marking 50 years of independence would mark a defining day in Fiji’s history.
“Given the great expectations every Fijian holds for that moment, it would be a shame to only limit our celebrations to a single day, week or even a month,” Mr Konrote had said.
“We must see every day of the year ahead as an opportunity to appreciate the first 50 years of our nation’s journey; the crowning moments of achievement as well as the mistakes which do not bear repeating.”
Mr Konrote had said the 50th birthday would signal a new era of nationhood.
“If we look beyond our shores and throughout the course of history, we can see well-trodden pathways other nations have taken to greatness.”
References
- Bergin, H. (2015, June 08). The Top 10 Festivals You Don't Want To Miss In Fiji. Retrieved October 4, 2018, from https://theculturetrip.com/pacific/fiji/articles/fiji-s-top-10-festivals-you-don-t-want-to-miss/
- Chand, A. (24 July 2020). $250,000 allocated for Fiji Day. Fiji Times. Retrieved from: https://www.fijitimes.com/250000-allocated-for-fiji-day/#:~:text=Though%20no%20plans%20have%20been,defining%20day%20in%20Fiji's%20history.
- Delaibatiki, N. (2015, October 8). ANALYSIS: Reminiscing The Lowering Of Union Jack For Last Time. Retrieved October 4, 2018, from http://fijisun.com.fj/2015/10/08/analysis-reminiscing-the-lowering-of-union-jack-for-last-time/
- Fiji Independence Day Celebrations. (2017, November). Retrieved October 4, 2018, from https://www.gvi.co.uk/blog/fiji-independence-day-celebrations/
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